tech:network:metric:metric
Table of Contents
Metric
Topology
Basic Configuration
R1
en conf t hostname R1 int gig0/1 ip addr 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 no shut int gig0/2 ip addr 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0 no shut int gig0/3 ip addr 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut end wr
R2
en conf t hostname R2 int gig0/1 ip addr 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0 no shut int gig0/2 ip addr 172.16.5.2 255.255.255.0 no shut end wr
R3
en conf t hostname R3 int gig0/1 ip addr 172.16.5.3 255.255.255.0 no shut int gig0/2 ip addr 172.16.4.3 255.255.255.0 no shut end wr
R4
en conf t hostname R4 int gig0/1 ip addr 172.16.3.254 255.255.255.0 no shut int gig0/2 ip addr 172.16.4.4 255.255.255.0 no shut end wr
A
ifconfig eth1 up 10.0.0.10 netmask 255.255.255.252
route add -net 10.0.0.0/16 gw 10.0.0.9 dev eth1
route add -net 192.168.0.0/29 gw 10.0.0.9 dev eth1
sudo ip addr add 172.16.1.5/24 dev eth1
sudo ip route del 0.0.0.0/0
sudo ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 172.16.1.5
ifconfig eth1 up 172.16.1.5 netmask 255.255.255.0
route add -net 0.0.0.0/0 gw 172.16.1.5 dev eth1
sudo ip route del 0.0.0.0/0 dev eth0
B
ifconfig eth1 up 10.0.0.3 netmask 255.255.255.248
route add -net 10.0.0.0/16 gw 10.0.0.1 dev eth1
route add -net 192.168.0.0/29 gw 10.0.0.1 dev eth1
route add -net 10.0.0.0/16 gw 10.0.0.2 dev eth1
route add -net 192.168.0.0/29 gw 10.0.0.2 dev eth1
sudo ip addr add 172.16.4.5/24 dev eth1
sudo ip route del 0.0.0.0/0
sudo ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 172.16.4.4
ifconfig eth1 up 172.16.4.5 netmask 255.255.255.0
route add -net 0.0.0.0/0 gw 172.16.4.4 dev eth1
sudo ip route del 0.0.0.0/0 dev eth0
RIPv2 Configuration
R1-R4
en conf t router rip version 2 network 172.16.0.0 end
Show routing table.
R1#sh ip ro
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/3
L 172.16.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/3
C 172.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L 172.16.2.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
C 172.16.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
L 172.16.3.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
R 172.16.4.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.3.254, 00:00:06, GigabitEthernet0/2
R 172.16.5.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.2.2, 00:00:06, GigabitEthernet0/1
R1#
R2#sh ip ro
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 2 masks
R 172.16.1.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:02, GigabitEthernet0/1
C 172.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L 172.16.2.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
R 172.16.3.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:02, GigabitEthernet0/1
R 172.16.4.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.5.3, 00:00:02, GigabitEthernet0/2
C 172.16.5.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
L 172.16.5.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
R2#
Next hop route to 172.16.4.5 is selected 172.16.3.254 interface gig0/2, because of metric value 1 and hop count 1.
cisco@A:~$ ping 172.16.4.5 -c4
PING 172.16.4.5 (172.16.4.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=5.25 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=4.91 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=2.37 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=3.33 ms
--- 172.16.4.5 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.377/3.968/5.255/1.172 ms
cisco@A:~$ tracepath -n 172.16.4.5
1?: [LOCALHOST] pmtu 1500
1: 172.16.1.1 1.920ms
1: 172.16.1.1 1.816ms
2: 172.16.3.254 3.188ms
3: 172.16.4.5 3.006ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 3 back 3
cisco@A:~$
OSPF Configuration
R1-R4
en conf t router ospf 1 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0 end
R1#
*Mar 3 12:25:04.521: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 172.16.5.2 on GigabitEthernet0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#
R1#
*Mar 3 12:25:09.291: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 172.16.4.4 on GigabitEthernet0/2 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#
R1#
*Mar 3 12:25:09.291: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 172.16.4.4 on GigabitEthernet0/2 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R1#sh ip ro
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/3
L 172.16.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/3
C 172.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L 172.16.2.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
C 172.16.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
L 172.16.3.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
O 172.16.4.0/24 [110/2] via 172.16.3.254, 00:00:26, GigabitEthernet0/2
O 172.16.5.0/24 [110/2] via 172.16.2.2, 00:00:26, GigabitEthernet0/1
R1#
cisco@A:~$ ping 172.16.4.5 -c4
PING 172.16.4.5 (172.16.4.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=9.40 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=3.87 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=4.96 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=4.74 ms
--- 172.16.4.5 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3005ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 3.879/5.749/9.403/2.149 ms
cisco@A:~$ tracepath -n 172.16.4.5
1?: [LOCALHOST] pmtu 1500
1: 172.16.1.1 2.760ms
1: 172.16.1.1 1.876ms
2: 172.16.3.254 5.471ms
3: 172.16.4.5 3.960ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 3 back 3
cisco@A:~$
Currently best next hop route to 172.16.4.5 selected 172.16.3.254 because of accumulated cost is lower than R1-R2-R3 3 > 1.
Now, change link speed 1000 to 10.
R1
en conf t int gig0/2 speed 10 duplex full end
R4
en conf t int gig0/1 speed 10 duplex full end
Then changed route to 172.16.4.5 next hop 172.16.2.2 because of accumulated link cost R1-R4 be a 10 > 3 R1-R2-R3.
R1#sh ip ro
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/3
L 172.16.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/3
C 172.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L 172.16.2.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
C 172.16.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
L 172.16.3.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
O 172.16.4.0/24 [110/3] via 172.16.2.2, 00:00:53, GigabitEthernet0/1
O 172.16.5.0/24 [110/2] via 172.16.2.2, 00:07:29, GigabitEthernet0/1
R1#
R1#sh ip ospf int gig0/2
GigabitEthernet0/2 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.3.1/24, Area 0, Attached via Network Statement
Process ID 1, Router ID 172.16.3.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10
Topology-MTID Cost Disabled Shutdown Topology Name
0 10 no no Base
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 172.16.4.4, Interface address 172.16.3.254
Backup Designated router (ID) 172.16.3.1, Interface address 172.16.3.1
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:06
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 1 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 172.16.4.4 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#sh ip ospf int gig0/1
GigabitEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.2.1/24, Area 0, Attached via Network Statement
Process ID 1, Router ID 172.16.3.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Topology-MTID Cost Disabled Shutdown Topology Name
0 1 no no Base
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 172.16.5.2, Interface address 172.16.2.2
Backup Designated router (ID) 172.16.3.1, Interface address 172.16.2.1
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:08
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 2
Last flood scan time is 1 msec, maximum is 2 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 172.16.5.2 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#
cisco@A:~$ ping 172.16.4.5 -c4
PING 172.16.4.5 (172.16.4.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=9.28 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=4.87 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=4.31 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.4.5: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=4.67 ms
--- 172.16.4.5 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3004ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 4.318/5.787/9.287/2.032 ms
cisco@A:~$ tracepath -n 172.16.4.5
1?: [LOCALHOST] pmtu 1500
1: 172.16.1.1 1.969ms
1: 172.16.1.1 2.735ms
2: 172.16.2.2 5.299ms asymm 4
3: 172.16.5.3 9.266ms
4: 172.16.4.5 4.410ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 4 back 3
cisco@A:~$
Route path changed R1-R2-R3 because R1-R4 cost is 10.
References
tech/network/metric/metric.txt · Last modified: 2018/03/03 22:22 by wnoguchi
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